-
Monovalent vaccination with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 BA.5 protects hamsters against Omicron but not non-Omicron variants
Abstract We compared the protective effects of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines derived from the ancestral and the currently circulating BA.5.2 strains against infection with multiple variants in Syrian golden hamsters. Vaccination with BA.5.2 effectively protected against infection with the Omicron subvariants including XBB.1, but not the Alpha or Delta variant. In contrast, hamsters vaccinated with the…
-
LLMs differ from human cognition because they are not embodied
Large language models (LLMs) are impressive technological creations but they cannot replace all scientific theories of cognition. A science of cognition must focus on humans as embodied, social animals who are embedded in material, cultural and technological contexts. There is the technological question of whether computers can be intelligent, and also the scientific question of…
-
Research can help to tackle AI-generated disinformation
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools have made it easy to create realistic disinformation that is hard to detect by humans and may undermine public trust. Some approaches used for assessing the reliability of online information may no longer work in the AI age. We offer suggestions for how research can help to tackle the threats…
-
Association of CD4-positive cell infiltration with response to vedolizumab in patients with ulcerative colitis
Abstract Not all patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) respond initially to treatment with biologic agents, and predicting their efficacy prior to treatment is difficult. Vedolizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against alpha 4 beta 7 (α4β7) integrin, suppresses immune cell migration by blocking the interaction between α4β7 integrin and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1. Reports…
-
Machine culture
Abstract The ability of humans to create and disseminate culture is often credited as the single most important factor of our success as a species. In this Perspective, we explore the notion of ‘machine culture’, culture mediated or generated by machines. We argue that intelligent machines simultaneously transform the cultural evolutionary processes of variation, transmission…
-
Why we swapped PhD research for secondary-school teaching
Joaquín Ramírez Ramírez (holding board) enjoys trying out different styles of teaching and seeing what works.Credit: María Paula García Eleven years ago, James Carey swapped life as a postdoctoral researcher in molecular and cellular biology to become a science teacher. He settled into his current role at a small secondary school in Norwell, Massachusetts, in…
-
Migration isn’t increasing, border restrictions don’t reduce crossings — and other home truths
Increased border restrictions only push people to taking riskier routes.Credit: David McNew/Getty How Migration Really Works: A Factful Guide to the Most Divisive Issue in Politics Hein de Haas Viking (2023) Everyone has an opinion about immigration, but most people don’t understand it, suggests sociologist Hein de Haas in his impressively wide-ranging book How Migration…
-
How my MBA helps me keep my donor-funded research centre afloat
Susan Winks enjoys the challenge of securing funding for H3D’s drug-discovery researchers in Cape Town, South Africa.Credit: Laura Tommy In 2013, Susan Winks joined the Holistic Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D) at the University of Cape Town as a research scientist, hoping to help reduce South Africa’s huge burden of disease. She had previously…
-
Disrupting links between poverty, chronic stress, and educational inequality
Abstract The income-achievement gap is a significant and stubborn problem in the United States, which has been exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic. In this article, we link two emerging literatures that have historically been disparate: the neurobiology of poverty as a form of early life stress, and research on educational policies with the potential to…
-
Planting the milestones of human genetics in Senegal
Implementing human genetics research: an itinerary of a researcher from low-income settings. I remember, after my PharmD graduation, how happy my mother was. She said, “Now that you are done with school, you have to set up your own drugstore, find a good husband and settle down.” However, my destiny was far from supporting this…