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Prevalence of visual impairment, uncorrected refractive errors and effective refractive error coverage in Koshi Province, Nepal – Rapid Assessment of Refractive Errors
Abstract Background/Objective To determine the prevalence of visual impairment (VI), uncorrected refractive errors (URE), and effective refractive error coverage among individuals aged 15–50 years in Koshi Province, Nepal. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Koshi Province in which 4800 participants were selected from 80 clusters. The study teams visited the selected households and…
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Assessing the scale of rubber deforestation in southeast Asia
Hansen, M. C. et al. Science 342, 850–853 (2013). Article PubMed Google Scholar Valeriano, D. M., Mello, E. M. K., Moreira, J. C., Shimabukuro, Y. E. & Duarte, V. In: Proc. Int. Soc. Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 35, 272–274 (2004). Google Scholar Rudorff, B. F. T. et al. Sustainability 4, 1074–1088 (2012). Article Google Scholar …
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China’s Belt and Road Initiative is boosting science — the West must engage, not withdraw
A high-speed Kenyan rail link connecting Nairobi to Mombasa, funded by China, has raised environmental concerns.Credit: Yasuyoshi Chiba/AFP via Getty There are two ways of looking at China’s US$1-trillion Belt and Road initiative (BRI), which was the subject of a tenth-anniversary summit in Beijing last week. In monetary terms, the project to build and develop…
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Healthy aging—would cytotoxic T lymphocytes stand out?
Senescent cells (SnCs) accumulate in multiple tissue types with the process of individual aging, hindering tissue renewal and driving multiple aging-related disorders. Aside from senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) neutralization and senolytics, there is an emerging senolysis strategy to eliminate SnCs by mobilizing the immunosurveillance function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Emerging interest in senolysis during…
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A surface treatment method for improving the attachment of PDMS: acoustofluidics as a case study
Abstract A method for a permanent surface modification of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is presented. A case study on the attachment of PDMS and the lithium niobate (LiNbO3) wafer for acoustofluidics applications is presented as well. The method includes a protocol for chemically treating the surface of PDMS to strengthen its bond with the LiNbO3 surface. The…
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UV spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of ketorolac tromethamine and olopatadine hydrochloride: Application of multiple standard addition for assay of ophthalmic solution
Abstract Ophthalmic preparations that contain ketorolac tromethamine (KET) and olopatadine HCl (OLO) are used to relieve seasonal allergies and allergic conjunctivitis. Simultaneous quantification of KET and OLO was held by validated and simple spectrophotometric methods. KET was determined directly from the fundamental UV absorption spectra (at 323 nm), while OLO was determined after performing either dual…
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Neurobehavioral effects of fungicides in zebrafish: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Pesticides are widely used in global agriculture to achieve high productivity levels. Among them, fungicides are specifically designed to inhibit fungal growth in crops and seeds. However, their application often results in environmental contamination, as these chemicals can persistently be detected in surface waters. This poses a potential threat to non-target organisms, including humans,…
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Expanding diversity of bunyaviruses identified in mosquitoes
Abstract Mosquitoes interact with various organisms in the environment, and female mosquitoes in particular serve as vectors that directly transmit a number of microorganisms to humans and animals by blood-sucking. Comprehensive analysis of mosquito-borne viruses has led to the understanding of the existence of diverse viral species and to the identification of zoonotic arboviruses responsible…
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An AI revolution is brewing in medicine. What will it look like?
Jordan Perchik started his radiology residency at the University of Alabama at Birmingham near the peak of what he calls the field’s “AI scare”. It was 2018, just two years after computer scientist Geoffrey Hinton had proclaimed that people should stop training to be radiologists because machine-learning tools would soon displace them. Hinton, sometimes referred…
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Proteomic characterization of aging-driven changes in the mouse brain by co-expression network analysis
Abstract Brain aging causes a progressive decline in functional capacity and is a strong risk factor for dementias such as Alzheimer’s disease. To characterize age-related proteomic changes in the brain, we used quantitative proteomics to examine brain tissues, cortex and hippocampus, of mice at three age points (3, 15, and 24 months old), and quantified more…