Nestled in the Himalayas, Bhutan is renowned for its pristine landscapes, unique culture and traditions. Over 70% covered by carbon-sequestering forests, the country boasts extensive natural resources and diverse renewable energy sources including hydro and solar power.

Rapid urbanisation has led to growing demand for housing and infrastructure, triggering significant imports of carbon intensive construction materials. To enable sustainable economic growth and the development of vital infrastructure, the Royal Government of Bhutan appointed Arup and renowned international partners to research and envision a transformation of the nation’s construction sector with the goal of creating a domestic, bio-based industry.

Adopting a regenerative approach, we seek to preserve the country’s relationship with nature through the adoption of locally and responsibly-sourced timber and bio-based materials while building local capability and protecting Bhutan’s rich cultural heritage.

Integrating modern with traditional techniques and approaches to construction will be integral to the building sector’s transformation.

By implementing this radical whole system change, Bhutan can reduce its carbon emissions and foster more sustainable social economic development, providing quality skills-based employment and aligning with the four pillars of its Gross National Happiness index: good governance; sustainable socio-economic development; preservation and promotion of culture; and environmental conservation.